Turquoise Marilyn is on Facebook. The mother rock or matrix in which turquoise is found can often be seen as splotches or a network of brown or black veins running through the stone in a netted pattern; this veining may add value to the stone if the result is complementary, but such a result is uncommon. the total Nevada turquoise production since the 1870s has been estimated at more than 600 short tons (540 t), including nearly 400 short tons (360 t) from the Carico Lake mine. He stored them at The Factory, his studio on East 47th Street in Manhattan. Gemologists can detect these treatments using a variety of testing methods, some of which are destructive, such as the use of a heated probe applied to an inconspicuous spot, which will reveal oil, wax or plastic treatment. It also adorned rings and great sweeping necklaces called pectorals. [3] Deposition usually takes place at a relatively low temperature, 90–195 °C (194–383 °F), and seems to occur more readily in arid environments. Turquoise is the colour of the gem turquoise.It is a slightly greenish shade of cyan.Turquoise is sometimes described as a mixture of pale blue and green. [1] Podber doffed her pair of black gloves, withdrew a small revolver from her purse, and fired a shot into the stack of four "Marilyn" paintings, which became known as The Shot Marilyns. [citation needed] In the ancient Persian Empire, the sky-blue gemstones were earlier worn round the neck or wrist as protection against unnatural death. The most common imitation of turquoise encountered today is dyed howlite and magnesite, both white in their natural states, and the former also having natural (and convincing) black veining similar to that of turquoise. Her titles included "Lady of Turquoise", "Mistress of Turquoise", and "Lady of Turquoise Country". The distinctive silver jewellery produced by the Navajo and other Southwestern Native American tribes today is a rather modern development, thought to date from around 1880 as a result of European influences. Facebook gives people the power to share and makes the world more open and connected. The lustre of turquoise is typically waxy to subvitreous, and its transparency is usually opaque, but may be semitranslucent in thin sections. 1. jaanuari 2019 seisuga oli Eestis eesnimi Marilyn 100 naisel. The mine chose to send all ore to the crusher and to concentrate on copper production due to the rising price of copper on the world market. While strong sky blues remain superior in value, mottled green and yellowish material is popular with artisans. In Iranian architecture, the blue turquoise was used to cover the domes of palaces because its intense blue colour was also a symbol of heaven on earth. Bekijk onze turquoise selectie voor de allerbeste unieke of custom handgemaakte items uit onze shops. Mga dapit nga gitawag Turquoise sa Mehiko. [citation needed] The oldest evidence for this claim was found in Ancient Egypt, where grave furnishings with turquoise inlay were discovered, dating from approximately 3000 BCE. Backing of turquoise is not widely known outside of the Native American and Southwestern United States jewellery trade. The use of Prussian blue and other dyes (often in conjunction with bonding treatments) to "enhance” its appearance, make uniform or completely change the colour, is regarded as fraudulent by some purists,[21] especially since some dyes may fade or rub off on the wearer. The copper is redeposited in more concentrated form as a copper porphyry, in which veins of copper sulfide fill joints and fractures in the rock. Turquoise is treated in many different ways, some more permanent and radical than others. The gemstone has been known by many names. While a number of the Nevada deposits were first worked by Native Americans,[which?] It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. Being a phosphate mineral, turquoise is inherently fragile and sensitive to solvents; perfume and other cosmetics will attack the finish and may alter the colour of turquoise gems, as will skin oils, as will most commercial jewellery cleaning fluids. [14] Whatever the colour, for many applications, turquoise should not be soft or chalky; even if treated, such lesser material (to which most turquoise belongs) is liable to fade or discolour over time and will not hold up to normal use in jewellery. Marilyn MONROE (prononco [ˈmæɹɪlɪn mənˈɹoʊ], origine: Norma Jane MORTENSON aŭ BAKER, naskiĝis la 1-an de junio 1926 en Losanĝeleso, Kalifornio, kaj mortis la 5-an de aŭgusto 1962 samloke) estis usona aktorino.Ŝi estis unu el plej popularaj filmostelulinoj kaj seksaj simboloj de la 1950-aj jaroj, kaj estas konsiderata unu el plej gravaj ikonoj de la popola kulturo de la 20-a jarcento. [citation needed] In the rainy winter months, miners face a risk from flash flooding; even in the dry season, death from the collapse of the haphazardly exploited sandstone mine walls may occur. Dyed chalcedony, jasper, and marble is less common, and much less convincing. This region was known as the Country of Turquoise by the native Monitu. Glass and plastic will have a much greater translucency, with bubbles or flow lines often visible just below the surface. The Kingman Mine as of 2015 still operates alongside a copper mine outside of the city. Nevada has produced a wide diversity of colours and mixes of different matrix patterns, with turquoise from Nevada coming in various shades of blue, blue-green, and green. Dit is een doorverwijspagina, bedoeld om de verschillen in betekenis of gebruik van Turquoise inzichtelijk te maken.. Op deze pagina staat een uitleg van de verschillende betekenissen van Turquoise en verwijzingen daarnaartoe. The turquoise occurs as vein or seam fillings, and as compact nuggets; these are mostly small in size. The majority of American material is now treated in this manner although it is a costly process requiring many months to complete. B-sida var «Hey Gyp (Dig the Slowness)». Some of the green to green-yellow shades may actually be variscite or faustite, which are secondary phosphate minerals similar in appearance to turquoise. Je kunt je voorkeuren bijwerken, je toestemming op elk moment intrekken en een gedetailleerde beschrijving bekijken van de soorten cookies die wij en onze partners gebruiken in ons Cookiebeleid. Iran has been an important source of turquoise for at least 2,000 years. bila je američka filmska glumica, pjevačica, model i pop-ikona, svojedobno i dobitnica Zlatnoga globusa za najbolju glavnu glumicu. Cookies. Among these peoples turquoise was used in mosaic inlay, in sculptural works, and was fashioned into toroidal beads and freeform pendants. Dorothy Podber (1932–2008), a friend of Factory photographer Billy Name, saw the recently completed paintings stacked against one another at the studio and asked Warhol if she could shoot them. Later glass and enamel were also used, and in modern times more sophisticated porcelain, plastics, and various assembled, pressed, bonded, and sintered products (composed of various copper and aluminium compounds) have been developed: examples of the latter include "Viennese turquoise", made from precipitated aluminium phosphate coloured by copper oleate; and "neolith", a mixture of bayerite and copper(II) phosphate. 'n TEU is 'n halwe normale vraghouer. The Ancestral Puebloans (Anasazi) of the Chaco Canyon and surrounding region are believed to have prospered greatly from their production and trading of turquoise objects. Since at least the First Dynasty (3000 BCE) in ancient Egypt, and possibly before then, turquoise was used by the Egyptians and was mined by them in the Sinai Peninsula. Other notable localities include: Afghanistan; Australia (Victoria and Queensland); north India; northern Chile (Chuquicamata); Cornwall; Saxony; Silesia; and Turkestan. Marilyn Monroe, vlastním jménem Norma Jeane Mortenson, (1. června 1926 Los Angeles, Kalifornie – 5. srpna 1962 Brentwood, Los Angeles) byla americká filmová herečka, modelka, zpěvačka a producentka.. Většinu svého dětství strávila v pěstounské péči a sirotčinci, v roce 1946 pak podepsala smlouvu s filmovým studiem Twentieth Century Fox a věnovala se modelingu. Dissolved oxygen in the water oxidizes the copper sulfides to soluble sulfates, and the acidic, copper-laden solution then reacts with aluminum and potassium minerals in the host rock to precipitate turquoise. The Aztecs inlaid turquoise, together with gold, quartz, malachite, jet, jade, coral, and shells, into provocative (and presumably ceremonial[clarification needed]) mosaic objects such as masks (some with a human skull as their base), knives, and shields. The colour of Sinai material is typically greener than that of Iranian material but is thought to be stable and fairly durable. Unlike elsewhere in the US, most Nevada mines have been worked primarily for their gem turquoise and very little has been recovered as a byproduct of other mining operations. The Ancient Egyptian use of turquoise stretches back as far as the First Dynasty and possibly earlier; however, probably the most well-known pieces incorporating the gem are those recovered from Tutankhamun's tomb, most notably the Pharaoh's iconic burial mask which was liberally inlaid with the stone. The two most important of these mines, from a historical perspective, are Serabit el-Khadim and Wadi Maghareh, believed to be among the oldest of known mines. Pliny the Elder referred to the mineral as callais (from Ancient Greek κάλαϊς) and the Aztecs knew it as chalchihuitl. Turquoise may also be peppered with flecks of pyrite or interspersed with dark, spidery limonite veining. Supergene alteration fractured the rock and converted some of the minerals in the rock to alunite, which freed aluminum and phosphate to combine with copper from oxidized copper sulfides to form turquoise. If they changed colour, the wearer was thought to have reason to fear the approach of doom. Turquoise. Turquoise can also be adversely affected if stored in an airtight container. The name comes from the French word for Turkish.. Rustig gelegen tussen de pijnbomen met een apart zwembad én eigen ober. ), Material treated with plastic or water glass is termed "bonded" or "stabilized" turquoise. Often referred to as "Egyptian turquoise", Sinai material is typically the most translucent, and under magnification, its surface structure is revealed to be peppered with dark blue discs not seen in material from other localities. Marilyn Monroe 1926. június 1-jén született Norma Jeane Mortenson néven a Los Angeles-i megyei kórházban, Gladys Pearl Baker (leánykori nevén Monroe, 1902–84) harmadik gyermekeként. Bonded and reconstituted material is worth considerably less. Until the 1980s Virginia was widely thought to be the only source of distinct crystals; there are now at least 27 other localities. As is so often the case with any precious stones, full disclosure about treatment is frequently not given. In contemporary Western use, turquoise is most often encountered cut en cabochon in silver rings, bracelets, often in the Native American style, or as tumbled or roughly hewn beads in chunky necklaces. Some of this unusually-coloured turquoise may contain significant zinc and iron, which is the cause of the beautiful bright green to yellow-green shades. Als je Ölüdeniz nadert, zie je in de verte paragliders langzaam naar beneden zweven. 4H 2 O.It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. Nime tuntud kandjaid. Maar genieten aan het strand of bij het zwembad kan natuurlijk ook. The Southwest United States is a significant source of turquoise; Arizona, California (San Bernardino, Imperial, Inyo counties), Colorado (Conejos, El Paso, Lake, Saguache counties), New Mexico (Eddy, Grant, Otero, Santa Fe counties) and Nevada (Clark, Elko, Esmeralda County, Eureka, Lander, Mineral County and Nye counties) are (or were) especially rich. While nearly every county in the state has yielded some turquoise, the chief producers are in Lander and Esmeralda counties. Die skip is 294 meter lank. Hardness and richness of colour are two of the major factors in determining the value of turquoise; while colour is a matter of individual taste, generally speaking, the most desirable is a strong sky to robin egg blue (in reference to the eggs of the American robin). The finest of turquoise reaches a maximum Mohs hardness of just under 6, or slightly more than window glass. Natural resins, bitumen and wax were used to bond the turquoise to the objects' base material; this was usually wood, but bone and shell were also used. Turquoise prehistoric artifacts (beads) are known since the fifth millennium BCE from sites in the Eastern Rhodopes in Bulgaria – the source for the raw material is possibly related to the nearby Spahievo lead–zinc ore field. Your way of life span will likely be convert when … Staining between grain boundaries may be visible in dyed imitations. After use, turquoise should be gently cleaned with a soft cloth to avoid a buildup of residue, and should be stored in its own container to avoid scratching by harder gems. [21], The epoxy binding technique was first developed in the 1950s and has been attributed to Colbaugh Processing of Arizona, a company that still operates today. The pastel shades of turquoise have endeared it to many great cultures of antiquity: it has adorned the rulers of Ancient Egypt, the Aztecs (and possibly other Pre-Columbian Mesoamericans), Persia, Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, and to some extent in ancient China since at least the Shang Dynasty. This process took place at a relatively shallow depth, and by 1965 the mines had "bottomed" at a depth averaging just 9 meters (30 ft) below the surface. Deposition takes place mostly in the potassic alteration zone, which is characterized by conversion of existing feldspar to potassium feldspar and deposition of quartz and micas at a temperature of 400–600 °C (752–1,112 °F)[3][8][9], Turquoise is a secondary or supergene mineral, not present in the original copper porphyry. Backing does not diminish the value of high quality turquoise, and indeed the process is expected for most thinly cut American commercial gemstones. Odontolite is fossil bone or ivory that has historically been thought to have been altered by turquoise or similar phosphate minerals such as the iron phosphate vivianite. Its streak is a pale bluish white, and its fracture is conchoidal,[3] leaving a waxy lustre. However, turquoise is often recovered as a byproduct of large-scale copper mining operations, especially in the United States. It consists of four canvases, each a square measuring 40 inches and each consisting of a painting of Marilyn Monroe, each shot through in the forehead by a single bullet. Like the Aztecs, the Pueblo, Navajo and Apache tribes cherished turquoise for its amuletic use; the latter tribe believe the stone to afford the archer dead aim. After she had shot the Marilyns and left, Andy Warhol purportedly asked Billy Name to please ask Dorothy not to do that again. All other factors being equal, untreated turquoise will always command a higher price. While rarely encountered today, odontolite was once mined in large quantities—specifically for its use as a substitute for turquoise—in southern France. The crystals, forming a druse over the mother rock, are very small; 1 mm (0.04 in) is considered large. De kleur is ongeveer blauwgroen. Artist Love Art Modern Art Famous Art Art American Artists Art Movement Warhol Art Art Prints. In an attempt to recoup profits and meet demand, some American turquoise is treated or enhanced to a certain degree. A reading of 1.61–1.65 (birefringence 0.040, biaxial positive) has been taken from rare single crystals. Like coral and other opaque gems, turquoise is commonly sold at a price according to its physical size in millimetres rather than weight. In de bosrijke, grote tuin van Turquoise Resort kom je heerlijk tot rust. Die APL Turquoise is 'n houerskip van die American President Lines (APL) uit 1996. [12], In 1912, the first deposit of distinct, single-crystal turquoise was discovered at Lynch Station in Campbell County, Virginia. [3] It forms when meteoric water (rain or snow melt infiltrating the Earth's surface) percolates through the copper porphyry. Differences in specific gravity, refractive index, light absorption (as evident in a material's absorption spectrum), and other physical and optical properties are also considered as means of separation. [citation needed]. Turquoise is treated to enhance both its colour and durability (increased hardness and decreased porosity). A significant portion of the Nevada material is also noted for its often attractive brown or black limonite veining, producing what is called "spiderweb matrix". While quite fine material is sometimes found, rivalling Iranian material in both colour and durability, most American turquoise is of a low grade (called "chalk turquoise"); high iron levels mean greens and yellows predominate, and a typically friable consistency in the turquoise's untreated state precludes use in jewelry. Persian turquoise was often engraved with devotional words in Arabic script which was then inlaid with gold. A guard stands near the painting Turquoise Marilyn by Andy Warhol during a media preview on April 1, 2009 of a exhibition on loan to Sotheby's New York entitled Women. Crystals, even at the microscopic scale, are rare. The stone is also considered sacred to the indigenous Zuni and Pueblo peoples of the American Southwest. Warhol actually painted five colored Marilyns in 1964 with different colored backgrounds: red, orange, light blue, sage blue, and turquoise. Nevada turquoise is found as nuggets, fracture fillings and in breccias as the cement filling interstices between fragments. There are six mines in the peninsula, all on its southwest coast, covering an area of some 650 km2 (250 sq mi). There are some American mines which produce materials of high enough quality that no treatment or alterations are required. Like most other opaque gems, turquoise has been devalued by the introduction onto the market of treatments, imitations and synthetics. Het groene, geelgrijze, lichtblauwe, maar typisch blauwgroene turkoois heeft een wasglans en een vaal blauwwitte streepkleur.Het kristalstelsel is triklien en de splijting is perfect volgens het kristalvlak [001] en goed volgens [010]; overigens komt het nagenoeg alleen in cryptokristallijne vormen voor dus is de splijting in de praktijk niet waar te nemen. [15] Despite being one of the oldest gems, probably first introduced to Europe (through Turkey) with other Silk Road novelties, turquoise did not become important as an ornamental stone in the West until the 14th century, following a decline in the Roman Catholic Church's influence which allowed the use of turquoise in secular jewellery. Early backing materials included the casings of old model T batteries, old phonograph records, and more recently epoxy steel resins. The change can be caused by the light, or by a chemical reaction brought about by cosmetics, dust or the acidity of the skin. The turquoise is found in sandstone that is, or was originally, overlain by basalt. Turquoise Marilyn by Andy Warhol Warhol used a wide range of colors especially in his numerous Marilyn paintings (there are Marilyn in silver, mint, pink, blue, turquoise, lemon and other colors) to underline her image as a public symbol, a cultural product. These treatments include innocuous waxing and more controversial procedures, such as dyeing and impregnation (see Treatments). These fakes are detected by gemologists using a number of tests, relying primarily on non-destructive, close examination of surface structure under magnification; a featureless, pale blue background peppered by flecks or spots of whitish material is the typical surface appearance of natural turquoise, while manufactured imitations will appear radically different in both colour (usually a uniform dark blue) and texture (usually granular or sugary). The classical Iranian deposits are found in sandstones and limestones of Tertiary age were intruded by apatite-rich porphyritic trachytes and mafic rock. Turquoise hotel in Oludeniz ligt op een mooie locatie, 700 meter van het strand. A common belief shared by many of these civilizations held that turquoise possessed certain prophylactic qualities; it was thought to change colour with the wearer's health and protect him or her from untoward forces. The refractive index of turquoise (as measured by sodium light, 589.3 nm) is approximately 1.61 or 1.62; this is a mean value seen as a single reading on a gemological refractometer, owing to the almost invariably polycrystalline nature of turquoise. This process consists of pressure impregnation of otherwise unsaleable chalky American material by epoxy and plastics (such as polystyrene) and water glass (sodium silicate) to produce a wetting effect and improve durability. Set in gold, the gem was fashioned into beads, used as inlay, and often carved in a scarab motif, accompanied by carnelian, lapis lazuli, and in later pieces, coloured glass. X-ray diffraction testing shows its crystal system to be triclinic. [7] However, a typical turquoise deposit begins with hydrothermal deposition of copper sulfides. This treatment is more or less acceptable by tradition, especially because treated turquoise is usually of a higher grade to begin with. Treated or enhanced to a certain degree measurements—may also be more sought after marble is less common, indeed..., Painting Cross Stitch Pattern, Painting Cross Stitch Pattern PDF AlitonEmbroidery those crafted by the introduction onto the of... 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